Chance might be the last place where we expect to find God. Chance, we might think, is completely out of control. Well, yes, chance is a term we use when events are unpredictable from a human point of view. But the Bible reveals that God is in complete control of all events, including every unpredictable event like the roll of a die (Prov. 16:33).
One of the remarkable things about this world that we live in is that human beings have been able to develop a mathematically precise theory about chance and randomness. It is called the theory of probability. The theory of probability, in its precision, displays and reflects the stability and faithfulness and beauty of God who ordains and governs all the events that we call chance. Chance events display the wisdom and power of God over the things that we cannot control.
Vern Poythress, Ph.D. is distinguished professor of New Testament, Biblical Interpretation, and Systematic Theology at Westminster Theological Seminary.
For Professor Poythress' full treatment of this question:
Vern S. Poythress, Chance and the Sovereignty of God: A God-Centered Approach to Probability and Random Events (Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2014).